{"id":29325,"date":"2025-12-04T17:26:18","date_gmt":"2025-12-04T17:26:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rutesentrerefugis.com\/?p=29325"},"modified":"2025-12-09T17:09:24","modified_gmt":"2025-12-09T17:09:24","slug":"a-la-muntanya-tampoc-li-importa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rutesentrerefugis.com\/index.php\/2025\/12\/04\/a-la-muntanya-tampoc-li-importa\/","title":{"rendered":"A LA MUNTANYA TAMPOC LI IMPORTA"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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A LA MUNTANYA TAMPOC LI IMPORTA<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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DONES A LA MUNTANYA<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Cr\u00f2nica escrita per ISABEL CAMPA\u00d1A MARRUGAT<\/h6>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Soc guia de muntanya, amant de la natura, amant de les travesses en solitari; m\u2019encanta la fotografia i podria enumerar una llarga llista de coses que defineixen una part de qui soc avui. I, per si no ho havia dit, per atzar de la vida, tamb\u00e9 soc dona.

Realment no m\u2019he parat mai a pensar en el significat de ser dona en el m\u00f3n de la muntanya, perqu\u00e8 a la muntanya, de veritat, tampoc li importa. Tinc dues cames, dues mans, un cor que batega i uns pulmons per omplir-los d\u2019aire fresc. I, el m\u00e9s important: la voluntat de caminar per aquests paratges. Digue’m, doncs, qu\u00e8 m\u00e9s em faria falta. M\u2019imagino arribant al cim d\u2019una muntanya amb un gran somriure de satisfacci\u00f3 i veient despertar l\u2019esperit d\u2019aquell pic per saber qui s\u2019ha enfilat a veure\u2019l i, mentre em renya i em diu que no hauria d\u2019estar all\u00ed perqu\u00e8 soc dona i que aix\u00f2 no va amb la meva naturalesa, el veig celebrar amb els meus companys homes la seva fita assolida. M\u2019agafa el riure de com \u00e9s de rid\u00edcul aquest pensament, per\u00f2 se\u2019m passa de seguida quan recordo que ha estat una realitat per a moltes vides de dona i que, si hagu\u00e9s nascut en un altre moment, m\u2019hauria tocat viure.

Recordo, de joveneta, sentir comentaris com \u201cno siguis marimacho\u201d o \u201cuna noia com tu hauria de ser m\u00e9s fina\u201d, i tamb\u00e9 sentir dir a alguna \u201camiga\u201d coses com \u201cno trobar\u00e0s mai parella perqu\u00e8 ets massa tossuda i als homes no els agrada que els portin la contr\u00e0ria\u201d. Podr\u00edem pensar que soc un fantasma del segle XIX, per\u00f2 estic parlant de ple segle XXI. Aix\u00f2 ja ens dona una petita pista d\u2019on venim i de l\u2019her\u00e8ncia que portem damunt. Per sort \u2014tot i que admeto que en aquells anys comentaris aix\u00ed em podrien haver afectat \u2014 vaig seguir sent qui era, perqu\u00e8 no sabia ser de cap altra manera.<\/h5>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Si mirem el context hist\u00f2ric de la dona a finals del segle XVIII, quan es data el naixement de l\u2019alpinisme amb la primera ascensi\u00f3 al Mont Blanc (4.808 m) per Jacques Balmat i Michel Paccard, la dona vivia en una societat on era pr\u00e0cticament invisible en tots els \u00e0mbits que anaven m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 de la fam\u00edlia i les tasques dom\u00e8stiques. No tenia dret a votar, l\u2019acc\u00e9s a ensenyaments superiors o cient\u00edfics era molt restringit, i viatjar llargues dist\u00e0ncies, pujar muntanyes o participar en expedicions era pr\u00e0cticament impossible per a la majoria. Tamb\u00e9 les convencions de vestimenta i la percepci\u00f3 de la fragilitat femenina les limitaven f\u00edsicament i socialment. Aix\u00ed que no \u00e9s d\u2019estranyar que ens trobem amb una hist\u00f2ria de l\u2019alpinisme escrita estrictament per homes.

Tot i aix\u00ed, sempre hi ha hagut dones que, malgrat els obstacles socials, han trencat patrons. A partir del segle XIX trobem les primeres pioneres a la muntanya, per\u00f2 els historiadors i historiadores es troben sovint amb un problema: moltes d\u2019aquestes dones no es donaven a con\u00e8ixer amb el seu nom real per protegir la seva identitat o, en molts casos, havien canviat de nom en casar-se, adoptant el del marit. Tot plegat dificulta la recerca de les seves fites en el m\u00f3n de l\u2019alpinisme.

I tot i haver anat guanyant terreny al llarg del segle XX, encara ens trobem dins d\u2019una societat hereva d\u2019un masclisme normalitzat. I, encara que la llei ja no ens limita en molts aspectes, s\u00ed que ho fa un pensament generalitzat amb conviccions absurdes sobre la naturalesa de la dona i de l\u2019home. La muntanyenca Sonia Livanos mateixa, que amb el seu marit Georges va aconseguir moltes vies dif\u00edcils als anys seixanta i setanta, va dir una vegada: \u201cFins avui no existeix cap dona que es pugui qualificar de gran muntanyenca en el veritable sentit de la paraula. No \u00e9s la naturalesa de la dona viure per una causa. La dona viu per alg\u00fa. La dona es sacrifica, no crea i no inventa. El seu paper no \u00e9s gens secundari; \u00e9s simplement diferent, i s\u00ed, necessari.<\/em>\u201d

Si contemplem la dona en el m\u00f3n de l\u2019alpinisme, hem tardat molts anys a poder assolir les mateixes fites que els nostres companys. No va ser fins a la segona part del segle XX que grans alpinistes com Yvette Vaucher \u2014que es convert\u00ed en la primera dona en escalar per la cara nord el Matterhorn l\u2019any 1965 juntament amb el seu marit\u2014 o Catherine Destivell \u2014que va escalar la mateixa muntanya per la mateixa vertent l\u2019any 1992 en solitari i en estil hivernal\u2014 van portar l\u2019alpinisme femen\u00ed al mateix nivell que els homes. I, si mirem l\u2019assoliment dels 14 vuitmils sense oxigen artificial \u2014aconseguit per primera vegada per Reinhold Messner l\u2019any 1986\u2014, les dones vam tardar 25 anys m\u00e9s a assolir aquesta fita: Edurne Pasaban el 2010 (amb oxigen artificial) i Gerlinde Kaltenbrunner el 2011 (sense oxigen artificial). Si pensem en els segles durant els quals la dona ha estat invisibilitzada i reprimida, 25 anys em semblen pocs per haver arribat a aquest nivell.<\/h5>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\tTothom t\u00e9 el seu Everest per escalar.\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWanda Rutkiewicz<\/cite>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/blockquote>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Deixant l\u2019escalada esportiva a banda per un moment, el muntanyisme \u00e9s un dels pocs esports que avui dia no separa categories entre homes i dones. El rendiment no dep\u00e8n nom\u00e9s de la for\u00e7a f\u00edsica, sin\u00f3 tamb\u00e9 de l\u2019experi\u00e8ncia i de la t\u00e8cnica, de l\u2019estrat\u00e8gia d\u2019itinerari, de la gesti\u00f3 del risc i del material, de la resist\u00e8ncia durant moltes hores o dies i, finalment, de la fortalesa mental. I, malgrat que en el muntanyisme sovint s\u2019ha competit per emportar-se el t\u00edtol de \u201cser el primer o primera\u201d, una ascensi\u00f3 no \u00e9s realment una competici\u00f3, sin\u00f3 un assoliment personal. No hi ha podis oficials perqu\u00e8 el que es valora \u00e9s l\u2019acte en si. La idea del muntanyisme est\u00e0 constru\u00efda sobre la premissa que la muntanya \u00e9s igual per a tothom.

Soc dona i he acabat recentment la meva formaci\u00f3 com a guia de muntanya (TD2). Crec que ens passa a gaireb\u00e9 tots que, quan parlem de guies de muntanya, la nostra ment autom\u00e0ticament genera la imatge d\u2019un home. Si diem \u201che contractat un guia per pujar a la Pica d\u2019Estats\u201d, ens imaginem una dona liderant el grup, gestionant el risc i prenent decisions? Potser el seg\u00fcent fragment, publicat per l\u2019AEGM (Asociaci\u00f3n Espa\u00f1ola de Gu\u00edas de Monta\u00f1a), ens pot explicar el perqu\u00e8:<\/h5>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u201cExiste una gran disparidad entre el sexo de los titulados, siendo dominante la presencia de hombres frente a las mujeres que cursan los estudios de gu\u00eda de monta\u00f1a. A\u00fan as\u00ed, la tendencia es que el n\u00famero de mujeres que deciden completar los estudios va en aumento\u201d<\/h5>
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Segons les estad\u00edstiques presentades en aquest mateix butllet\u00ed, i sense diferenciar entre especialitats (alta muntanya, mitja muntanya, barranquisme i escalada), ens trobem un 92% d\u2019homes t\u00e8cnics esportius de muntanya<\/b><\/font> versus un 8% de dones t\u00e8cniques esportives de muntanya<\/b><\/font>, amb dades recollides fins a l\u2019any 2018. Aquests n\u00fameros potser reflecteixen el que ja intu\u00edem: hi som presents, per\u00f2 encara som poques.<\/br>\n<\/br>\nI, amb aquests n\u00fameros, decideixo emprendre aquest cam\u00ed que ben segur ser\u00e0 tota una aventura \u2014 tant perqu\u00e8 la professi\u00f3 en si ja ho \u00e9s, com perqu\u00e8 tamb\u00e9 ser\u00e0 un repte a nivell personal. Mentiria si digu\u00e9s que no tinc dubtes, per\u00f2 les ganes d\u2019anar per aquest cam\u00ed pesen m\u00e9s que les inseguretats que puguin sorgir pel fet de ser dona.<\/br>\n<\/br>\nEspero, si mai torno a escriure sobre les dones a la muntanya, poder-vos explicar les meves bones experi\u00e8ncies com a guia de muntanya. I potser, la propera vegada, estarem menys sorpresos en veure dones liderant, guiant o obrint nous camins. Perqu\u00e8, de veritat, a la muntanya tampoc li importa.<\/h5>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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ISABEL CAMPA\u00d1A MARRUGAT<\/h4>\n

(Barcelona, 1985) En alguna \u00e8poca de la meva vida vaig provar de ser historiadora i fil\u00f2sofa, tinc experi\u00e8ncia laboral en el m\u00f3n de les biblioteques, entrenadora de taekwondo, empreses de turisme i administraci\u00f3 d’empreses. Per\u00f2 la meva veritable passi\u00f3 sempre han sigut les muntanyes i la naturalesa. Soc una enamorada dels Pirineus i dels Ports. El 2023 vaig complir el somni de rec\u00f3rrer la Transpirinenca en solitari pel GR-11 d’una tirada.\nHe viscut a l’estranger, actualment feli\u00e7ment assentada a les Terres de l’Ebre, formada com a guia de muntanya (T\u00e8cnica esportiva de mitja muntanya)<\/br>\ni emprenent amb el propi projecte, SENDERS DEL SUD www.sendersdelsud.com<\/u><\/b><\/font><\/a><\/h5>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Per si vols compartir aquesta cr\u00f2nica<\/u><\/font><\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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